A continuous carbonization furnace is an efficient and environmentally friendly device primarily used to carbonize wood chips and other biomass waste, transforming them into valuable charcoal products. Below is a detailed explanation of the process of carbonizing wood chips using a continuous carbonization furnace.

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Raw Material Preparation

Before carbonization, the wood chips need to be prepared. These wood chips can come from various sources, such as waste from wood processing plants or scraps from furniture factories. To ensure effective carbonization, the wood chips must be adequately dried, typically with a moisture content below 20%. If the moisture content is too high, it will generate a large amount of steam during carbonization, affecting both the quality and yield of the charcoal.

Carbonization Furnace Equipment

The continuous carbonization furnace is the key equipment, consisting mainly of a feeding system, carbonization system, discharging system, and flue gas treatment system. This equipment uses high-temperature rapid carbonization technology, enabling it to convert wood chips into charcoal in a short time. The design and operation of the carbonization furnace require professional knowledge and experience to ensure the smooth progress of the carbonization process.

Carbonization Process

Feeding Stage: The prepared wood chips are fed into the carbonization furnace through the feeding system. The feeding system typically uses screw conveyors or belt conveyors to achieve continuous and uniform feeding.

Carbonization Stage: Inside the carbonization furnace, the wood chips undergo high-temperature treatment, resulting in pyrolysis reactions that produce charcoal, tar, and combustible gases. During carbonization, it is necessary to control the temperature and oxygen content within the furnace to ensure the quality and yield of the charcoal. Generally, the carbonization temperature is controlled between 500-700°C, and the oxygen content inside the furnace is kept at a low level.

Discharging Stage: The charcoal produced by the carbonization process is discharged from the furnace through the discharging system. The discharging system typically uses screw conveyors or scraper conveyors to achieve continuous and uniform discharging. The discharged charcoal needs to be cooled and screened to obtain charcoal products of different particle sizes.

Flue Gas Treatment

The flue gas produced during carbonization contains certain pollutants, such as tar and carbon monoxide. To protect the environment, the flue gas needs to be treated. Common flue gas treatment methods include water scrubbing and activated carbon adsorption. Effective flue gas treatment can reduce pollutant emissions, achieving environmentally friendly production.

Product Applications

The charcoal produced by the continuous carbonization furnace has a wide range of applications. Firstly, charcoal can be used as a fuel, with advantages such as high calorific value and low pollution. Secondly, charcoal can be used to produce activated carbon, carbon black, and other products, which are widely used in chemical, environmental protection, and pharmaceutical industries. Additionally, charcoal can be used as a soil amendment to improve soil fertility and structure.

Through the above process, the continuous carbonization furnace efficiently converts wood chips into valuable charcoal products, achieving effective resource utilization and environmental protection.

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