According to the reseach of solid fuel combustion theory and biomass soltion dynamics,the biomass carbonization process can be divided into the following stages：

The frtis the drying stage,aso known as the dehunidicaton stage. Biomass raw materials absob heat in the carbonization furnace, and then the water evaporates and volatilizes.At this stage, the chemical composition of biomass has almost no change.

Then comes the thermal decomposition stage.Biomass contmues to absorb heat untl the temperature reaches above abou 200 ℃ In themateral, molecola bonds beak and rearrange, and organic matter gradually volatilies.The internal mateials begin to decompose thermally.Under the condition of oxygen defciency, combustible gas fuel is geneated for combustion, providing heat source for the completion of carbonization of materials.

The last stage is the carbonization stage.The temperature of tis stage is 300-500℃,in which the materals are rapidly pyrolyzed produce iuquid products such as wood tar,acetic acid and combustble gases such as methane and etlylene. With separation and preciptation, we finally get a solid product ,which is composed of carbon and ash.

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